First the man is totally full of poop. In a perfect world we would get 100% fill rate of the cylinder. Well use a 100cc engine to keep number nice. The can style muffler at best will allow this (not really) all an open header does is remove the restrictions of the can muffler. A tuned pipe used exhaust pulses to pull the spent charge out of the chamber and then push more charge mix back into the chamber giving a greater than 100% fill ratio. Hence why we see such a gain over the stock can, without changing anything else internally in the engine. We can expect up to an 40% (ish) over fill on the stock engine with a well designed tuned pipe. No open header is going to achieve this, at best we can hope the header will have negative pressure and just suck the spent charge out . Stock cans, could be modified for more power, but just don't have the special requirements (typically) needed to get the cones situated in a way that would give the same results as a tuned pipe, so largely your still working in the open header principal, achieving just better scavenging. Tuned pipes can be tuned for different rpm ranges, trying to favor torque, or rpm (hp) typically you will see a large pickup in both, but one (hp or torque) will be more dominant.